Open Question |
|
|
Anu ano ang mga Theories ng pinagmulan ng daigdig?
Teoryang Nebular
-Si Emmanuel Kant, isang pilosoper na Aleman ang nagpanukala noong hinggil sa pinagmulan ng daigdig. Ayon
kay Kant, ang daigdig, pati na ang ibang nebula, ay nagtataglay ng gas. Sa simula, ito ay malamig, ngunit sa katagalan, ang mga
partikulo sa loob ng nebula ay nag-uumpugan dahil sa puwersa ng grabidad na siya naming nagtulak sa mga ito upang umikot. Habang
umiigting ang masa, ito’y uminit ng uminit, hanggang sa ito’y naging bolang araw na naghahasik ng mga bolang gas na natanggal,
dahil sa lakas ng “centrifugal” hanggang ang mga ito ay lumamig at naging planeta. Ito ay tinawag na “Nebular Hypothesis”. />
-Ang teorya ni Kant ay sinang-ayunan ni Pierre Simon Marquis de Laplace, isang sayantist na Pranses noong 1796.
Answered Question - 4583 views
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Answers: |
|
|
|
The theory of the Big Bang
The theory of the Big Bang is very recent. It was not until 1922 that the Russian mathematician Alexander Friedmann postulated that the universe is in constant expansion. Two years later, the astronomer Edwin Hubble demonstrated the existence of galaxies and the fact that they were moving away from each other. In 1927, the Belgian astronomer-priest, Georges Lemaître, was the first theoretician of the “primitive atom”, “the cosmic egg” inside which the whole universe would be contained if one went far enough back in time.
Today, the Big Bang theory has hardly any adversaries, especially as two events confirming the theory were observed recently: the existence of fossilised isotropic cosmic radiation, a residue of the original Big Bang, and that of its polarisation, two facts confirmed respectively in 1965 and 2002.
We don’t know what existed prior to the Big Bang. Some say nothing, but it is not a really satisfying response …
Whatever the situation before, we know what happened after:
- 10-43 seconds after the Big Bang, the universe had the size of a pinhead and its temperature was 10 32 K (0 K = - 273,15 °C).
- After 10-32 seconds, the particles making up matter appeared (quarks, electrons, neutrinos) as well as the particles with an opposite electric charge making up antimatter (antiquarks, positrons and antineutrinos) and photons. The temperature was 10 27 K.
- After 10-10 seconds, the particles of matter and antimatter collided, producing two photons, which themselves collided to create a particle and its antiparticle, which again annihilated each other, and so on. But this process is not perfectly balanced: for a billion particles of antimatter, a billion and one particles of matter are created. This tiny advantage in favour of matter led to our universe. The temperature was 10 15 K.
- After 10-6 seconds (one millionth of a second), the universe had cooled to a point where the cycle of destruction and creation of particles stopped. The quarks came together three by three to form neutrons and protons. The temperature was 10 13 K. The expansion of the universe started.
- At the end of three minutes, some of the protons associated in pairs with two neutrons, forming helium nuclei. The protons that remained isolated were the hydrogen nuclei.
- After 300 000 years, the expansion continued and the temperature was no more than 10 4 K (10 000 °C). The electrons became associated with the nuclei in electrical equilibrium: one electron for each hydrogen nucleus and two for each helium nucleus: the first atoms were born.
- After a billion years the first galaxies were formed from gaseous masses of hydrogen and helium under the influence of gravity. These galaxies were pockets of heat and energy in a virtually empty glacial universe whose temperature was close to absolute zero (0 0 K).
Glacial perhaps, but empty? 90% of the matter essential for understanding the universe is missing. This matter is necessary for the coherent unification of the four forces that regulate the universe (the weak interaction, the strong interaction, gravity and the electromagnetic force). Physicists are desperately searching for this unified theory. The giant particle accelerator, the LHC (Large Hadron Collider), under construction for the CERN laboratories near Geneva will perhaps enable proof to be found of the existence of the Higgs boson, a theoretical elementary particle of “black matter” until now invisible. Whilst waiting for a “final unification theory”, two groups of physicists are irreconcilably opposed: on the one hand, partisans of the theory of General Relativity which, with its concept of elastic time, works very well for cosmic objects; on the other, partisans of quantum mechanics whose principles of probabilistic uncertainty and immutable time have been totally verified on the scale of atomic particles.
http://www.planete-energies.com/content/oil-gas/fossil-fuel-...
|
0  :  0 | 0% AC |
|
|
|
|
rebulusyon theory, planetessimal theory, nebular theory
|
0 : 0 | 0% AC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 |
| |
 Top Henyos |
 |
|
writer
Level: Matalino
Rating:
 Offline |
|
|
|
attorney
Level: Matalino
Rating:
Offline |
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
